Effect of experimental chronic alcohol ingestion and folic acid deficiency on iron absorption.

The effect of chronic alcohol ingestion and folic acid deficiency on iron absorption in rabbits was studied. Iron absorption was measured in a whole-body counter using Fe. and plasma iron turnover (PIT) was simultaneously determined with ‘Fe. One group was given a 20% ethanol solution for 2 or 6 mo. There was no significant differonce in iron absorption (p > 0.50). while PIT was reduced (p < 0.05). A dietary folic acid deficiency was induced in the second group. Iron absorption and PIT were increased (p < 0.0001 ). A third group of rabbits was given alcohol for 2 mo and food without folic acid. In this group, iron absorption increased (p <0.0001), but the PIT remained normal. Administration of folic acid to the last two groups reduced the iron absorption to normal values. Two other groups were given methotrexate, which increased the iron absorption in proportion to the dose. In both groups, PIT was normal. These data suggest that chronic alcohol ingestion in the absence of folic acid deficiency does not modify iron absorption. Folic acid deficiency increases iron absorption by two probable mechanisms: first, by increasing PIT. which is concomitant with ineffective erythropoiesis; and second, by a probable direct effect on the intestinal mucosal membranes.